Periciazine, also known as pericyazine or propericiazine, is a synthetic first-generation antipsychotic belonging to the phenothiazine class. It is chemically characterized by a phenothiazine nucleus substituted with a 3-(4-hydroxypiperidin-1-yl)propyl group and a carbonitrile group. Periciazine has CAS No. 2622-26-6, molecular formula C21H23N3OS, and molecular weight 365.5 g/mol.
Periciazine is classified pharmacologically as a phenothiazine antipsychotic and has sedative, adrenergic-antagonist, anticholinergic, and other pharmacological properties. It has historically been used in certain psychiatric conditions, including as an adjunctive medicine for controlling residual hostility, impulsiveness, and aggressiveness associated with some psychotic disorders.
The API is relevant to pharmaceutical manufacturing, analytical research, formulation development, and quality-control applications. As a chemically defined small-molecule API, its identity, assay, related substances, residual solvents, elemental impurities, and other critical quality attributes should be controlled using suitable validated analytical methods.
Periciazine is a solid phenothiazine derivative. PubChem reports a molecular formula of C21H23N3OS, molecular weight of 365.5 g/mol, exact mass of 365.1562 Da, and topological polar surface area of 75.8 Ų. It has no defined stereocenters.
Reported physicochemical data include a melting point of approximately 116–117°C and an experimentally reported aqueous solubility of approximately 38 mg/L at 37°C. These values should be treated as physicochemical reference data and not automatically as pharmaceutical API release specifications.
Periciazine API is primarily associated with pharmaceutical development involving phenothiazine antipsychotic formulations. Its pharmacological profile has made it relevant to products intended for selected psychiatric indications.
Potential pharmaceutical and research applications include:
Periciazine belongs to the phenothiazine class of antipsychotic compounds. Its pharmacological activity is associated with interactions involving dopaminergic and other neurotransmitter systems. Phenothiazine compounds can produce central nervous system effects as well as adrenergic and anticholinergic effects.
Because of its pharmacological activity, Periciazine API should be handled in accordance with appropriate pharmaceutical manufacturing, occupational-safety, and quality-control procedures.
Quality control of Periciazine API should include confirmation of chemical identity and purity using validated analytical methods. HPLC or UPLC can be used for assay and related-substance determination, while spectroscopic or mass-spectrometric techniques can provide complementary identity confirmation.
Other applicable quality attributes may include water content, residual solvents, elemental impurities, residue on ignition, appearance, and stability-indicating impurities.
The exact numerical limits for assay, individual impurities, total impurities, water, and other release parameters are specification-dependent and should be established from the applicable validated API specification rather than applying unsupported generic values.
Manufacturing generally involves controlled chemical synthesis, purification, isolation, drying, and final quality testing. Appropriate process controls help minimize residual solvents, reaction-related impurities, degradation products, and other contaminants.
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Appearance | white to off-white crystalline powder |
| Identification | IR & HPLC compliant |
| Assay (HPLC) | 98.0% – 102.0% |
| Loss on Drying | NMT 1.0% |
| Residue on Ignition | NMT 0.5% |
| Individual Impurity | NMT 0.5% |
| Total Impurities | NMT 0.5% |
| Water Content | NMT 1.0% |