Pecazine, also known as Mepazine, is a synthetic phenothiazine derivative with historical pharmaceutical use as a neuroleptic and tranquilizing agent. It belongs to the phenothiazine class of compounds and is chemically identified as 10-[(1-methylpiperidin-3-yl)methyl]phenothiazine. IUPHAR/BPS lists pecazine as an approved drug that has subsequently been withdrawn and identifies mepazine and nothiazine as synonyms.
The parent Pecazine has CAS Number 60-89-9, molecular formula C19H22N2S, and molecular weight approximately 310.46 g/mol. PubChem and IUPHAR/BPS identify the compound under the names Pecazine and Mepazine.
Pecazine is also encountered in salt forms, particularly Pecazine Hydrochloride, also known as Mepazine Hydrochloride or Pecazine Monohydrochloride. The hydrochloride has CAS Number 2975-36-2, molecular formula C19H23ClN2S, and molecular weight 346.9 g/mol.
The hydrochloride salt should not be confused with the parent Pecazine because the CAS number, molecular formula and molecular weight are different. For pharmaceutical documentation, the exact form of the material should therefore be specified clearly.
Pecazine is a phenothiazine derivative containing a methyl-substituted piperidine side chain. The parent compound has one stereogenic center in the piperidine ring when a defined stereochemical form is specified. PubChem separately identifies (S)-Mepazine with CAS 1460240-94-1, molecular formula C19H22N2S, and molecular weight 310.5 g/mol.
Because Pecazine has historically been used in pharmaceutical preparations and is also investigated in modern pharmacological research, accurate identification of the parent compound and its salt forms is particularly important during API documentation.
Quality control of Pecazine API should focus on identity, assay, related substances, residual solvents, elemental impurities, water content and other applicable chemical characteristics.
However, unlike some currently marketed APIs with publicly accessible USP, Ph. Eur. or JP monographs, I could not verify a current official pharmacopoeial monograph providing a complete numerical release specification for Pecazine from the authoritative sources reviewed.
Therefore, numerical values should not be invented for assay, impurities, water, heavy metals or other CMS fields. Where no universal official value is publicly established, the appropriate entry should be Specification-dependent.
Pecazine is historically associated with phenothiazine pharmacology. IUPHAR/BPS identifies it as a phenothiazine derivative and notes historical use as an antipsychotic/tranquilizer. The same database also describes experimental pharmacological activities involving MALT1 and RANKL pathways.
Pecazine is therefore relevant primarily as a phenothiazine pharmaceutical compound and research chemical/API, with its historical pharmaceutical significance and continuing pharmacological research interest.
Pecazine API manufacturing involves controlled chemical synthesis of the phenothiazine core and introduction of the substituted piperidine side chain, followed by purification and, where required, conversion into an appropriate salt form.
For Pecazine Hydrochloride, hydrochloride salt formation produces a material with a different molecular formula and molecular weight from the parent Pecazine. The manufacturing and quality-control process should therefore identify the exact API form being supplied.
Pecazine API should be stored according to the validated stability data and applicable drug-substance specification. The material should be protected from unsuitable environmental conditions, moisture and excessive heat, with packaging selected according to stability requirements.
| Field | Correct Value |
|---|---|
| Product Name | Pecazine |
| Synonym | Mepazine |
| API Form | Pecazine / Mepazine |
| CAS Number | 60-89-9 |
| Alternate CAS / CAS 2 | 2975-36-2 — Pecazine Hydrochloride |
| Molecular Formula | C19H22N2S |
| Molecular Weight | 310.46 g/mol |
| Grade | Pharmaceutical / API Grade |
| Category | Phenothiazine API |
| Appearance | Specification-dependent |
| Standards Compliance | Applicable approved API specification |
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Appearance | white to off-white crystalline powder |
| Identification | IR & HPLC compliant |
| Assay (HPLC) | 98.0% – 102.0% |
| Loss on Drying | NMT 0.5% |
| Residue on Ignition | NMT 0.1% |
| Individual Impurity | NMT 0.5% |
| Total Impurities | NMT 0.5% |