Pancuronium API Manufacturer in India

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Pancuronium Bromide API is a synthetic, long-acting non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent belonging to the aminosteroid class of muscle relaxants. It is the dibromide salt of pancuronium and acts primarily at the neuromuscular junction by competitively antagonizing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. This prevents acetylcholine from activating skeletal-muscle motor endplates and produces reversible skeletal muscle relaxation.

Pancuronium Bromide has the CAS Number 15500-66-0, molecular formula C₃₅H₆₀Br₂N₂O₄, and molecular weight approximately 732.7 g/mol. FDA GSRS and PubChem identify Pancuronium Bromide as the bromide salt of the pancuronium dication.

Chemical Characteristics

  • Chemical Name: Pancuronium Bromide
  • CAS Number: 15500-66-0
  • Molecular Formula: C₃₅H₆₀Br₂N₂O₄
  • Molecular Weight: 732.7 g/mol
  • Exact Mass: 732.28993 Da
  • PubChem CID: 27350
  • UNII: U9LY9Y75X2
  • ChEBI ID: CHEBI:7908
  • ChEMBL ID: CHEMBL1200757
  • Physical Form: Crystalline powder
  • Chemical Class: Aminosteroid neuromuscular blocker
  • Stereocenters: 10 defined atom stereocenters 

Pancuronium Bromide is reported as a white, yellowish-white or slightly pink crystalline, hygroscopic powder in pharmacopoeial information. It is very soluble or freely soluble in water, very soluble in methylene chloride and freely soluble in ethanol (96%).

Pharmacological Class

Pancuronium belongs to the non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent class. It produces skeletal-muscle paralysis through competitive blockade of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction. Unlike depolarizing neuromuscular blockers, it does not produce persistent depolarization of the motor endplate.

Mechanism of Action

Pancuronium competitively binds to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction. By preventing acetylcholine from binding effectively, it inhibits transmission of nerve impulses from motor nerves to skeletal muscle. The resulting neuromuscular blockade produces muscle relaxation and paralysis.

Pharmaceutical Applications

Pancuronium Bromide has been used as a neuromuscular blocking agent in anesthetic practice to provide skeletal-muscle relaxation during surgical and other controlled medical procedures. Because neuromuscular blockade can affect respiratory muscles, pharmaceutical formulations containing pancuronium are intended for use under appropriate medical supervision with facilities for airway and respiratory support.

The substance is pharmacologically distinct from the parent pancuronium cation. For API identification and specification purposes, the bromide salt CAS 15500-66-0 should be used when the product is Pancuronium Bromide.

Analytical and Quality Characteristics

Pancuronium Bromide has an established pharmacopoeial identity and assay framework. The USP monograph specifies 98.0–102.0% Pancuronium Bromide calculated on the anhydrous basis. USP identification includes infrared spectroscopy, chromatographic retention-time comparison and a bromide identification test.

The USP assay uses liquid chromatography with conductivity detection and suppression. The monograph specifies a system-suitability requirement of NMT 2.0 for tailing factor and NMT 1.0% relative standard deviation.

BP/Ph. Eur. information similarly specifies 98.0–102.0% on anhydrous substance and describes Pancuronium Bromide as a hygroscopic crystalline powder with high aqueous solubility.

Stereochemical Profile

Pancuronium Bromide has multiple defined stereogenic centers associated with its steroidal structure. PubChem identifies 10 defined atom stereocenters and no undefined atom stereocenters. Consequently, stereochemical identity is an important part of pharmaceutical API characterization.

Storage

  • Store in tight containers.
  • Protect from light.
  • Protect from moisture.
  • Maintain controlled temperature according to the applicable pharmacopoeial or approved API specification.
  • The historical USP information specifies storage between 15°C and 25°C

Documentation

Typical Pancuronium Bromide API documentation may include:

  • Certificate of Analysis
  • API Specification
  • Safety Data Sheet
  • HPLC Assay Report
  • Related Substance Profile
  • Water/LOD Data
  • Residual Solvent Data
  • Elemental Impurity Data
  • Stereochemical/Identity Data
  • Stability Information
  • GMP and quality documentation

Detailed Specifications

Parameter Specification
Appearance white to off-white crystalline powder
Identification IR & HPLC compliant
Assay (HPLC) 98.0% – 102.0%
Loss on Drying NMT 1.0%
Residue on Ignition NMT 0.2%
Heavy Metals NMT 10 ppm
Individual Impurity NMT 0.5%
Specific Rotation +39.0° to +43.0° (c = 3, water; calculated on anhydrous substance)
Melting Point 150°C – 154°C
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