Nitroxoline is a synthetic 8-hydroxyquinoline derivative with antibacterial activity, particularly associated with urinary tract infections. It is also classified as a urinary anti-infective and belongs to the hydroxyquinoline group of antimicrobial compounds.
Nitroxoline is used as an active pharmaceutical ingredient for pharmaceutical formulation development, antibacterial research and analytical applications.
Nitroxoline is a specialized urinary antibacterial API used in the development and manufacture of pharmaceutical formulations. Its important quality attributes include chemical identity, assay, related substances, residual solvents, water content and physical characteristics.
CAS Number: 4008-48-4
Molecular Formula: C₉H₆N₂O₃
Molecular Weight: 190.16 g/mol
Chemical Name: 5-Nitroquinolin-8-ol
Synonyms: 8-Hydroxy-5-nitroquinoline; 5-Nitro-8-quinolinol
Drug Class: Urinary Antibacterial
Therapeutic Class: Anti-infective
Therapeutic Area: Infectious Diseases / Urology
Molecule Type: Synthetic Small Molecule
The CAS number, molecular formula and molecular weight are confirmed by PubChem.
Nitroxoline exhibits antibacterial activity through mechanisms associated with metal-ion chelation and interference with bacterial enzymes and essential cellular processes. It has activity against susceptible microorganisms associated with urinary tract infections.
Nitroxoline has also been reported to interact with bacterial DNA-related and enzyme-mediated processes, contributing to its antimicrobial effects.
Nitroxoline API is used for:
Nitroxoline is classified by the WHO ATC system under J01XX07, within other antibacterials for systemic use.
Nitroxoline is a solid crystalline compound with a reported melting point of approximately 180°C.
A reported experimental aqueous solubility value is approximately 2.73 g/L, although solubility can vary with pH, temperature and experimental methodology.
Nitroxoline is relevant to research involving:
Typical Nitroxoline API quality-control testing may include:
Final acceptance criteria should be based on the applicable pharmacopoeial monograph or validated API specification rather than generic limits.
Store Nitroxoline API in a tightly closed container under controlled pharmaceutical storage conditions, protected from excessive moisture, heat and direct light. Final storage requirements should follow validated stability data and the applicable API specification.
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Appearance | White crystalline powder or crystals |
| Identification | IR & HPLC compliant |
| Assay (HPLC) | 98.0% – 102.0% |
| Loss on Drying | NMT 1.0% |
| Residue on Ignition | NMT 0.1% |
| Individual Impurity | NMT 0.5% |
| Total Impurities | ≤ 1.5% |
| Water Content | NMT 1.0% |
| Melting Point | 180°C |