Lidocaine Base is a synthetic amide-type local anesthetic that produces reversible blockade of nerve conduction. It is also known as lignocaine and is widely used in pharmaceutical formulations requiring local or regional anesthesia. Lidocaine is also classified pharmacologically as a class IB antiarrhythmic agent.
Lidocaine Base acts primarily by blocking voltage-gated sodium channels in neuronal membranes. This reduces sodium-ion influx and prevents the initiation and propagation of action potentials, resulting in reversible local loss of sensation.
Lidocaine Base is an established local anesthetic pharmaceutical API manufactured through controlled chemical synthesis, purification and crystallization.
Important API quality attributes include identity, assay, related substances, water content, residue on ignition, residual solvents and elemental impurities.
CAS Number: 137-58-6
Molecular Formula: C14H22N2O
Molecular Weight: 234.34 g/mol
IUPAC Name: 2-(Diethylamino)-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)acetamide
Synonyms: Lidocaine, Lignocaine, Xylocaine
Drug Class: Local Anesthetic
Pharmacological Class: Amide Local Anesthetic / Class IB Antiarrhythmic
Therapeutic Class: Local Anesthetic
Therapeutic Area: Anesthesiology / Pain Management / Cardiology
Lidocaine blocks voltage-gated sodium channels in nerve-cell membranes.
By reducing sodium permeability and preventing action-potential propagation, Lidocaine produces reversible inhibition of sensory nerve conduction. At appropriate systemic concentrations, it can also act as a class IB antiarrhythmic.
Lidocaine Base is used in the development and manufacture of pharmaceutical formulations for:
Lidocaine Base is a white to almost-white powder or crystalline solid. It has a melting point around 66–70°C and is described as practically insoluble in water.
A controlled Lidocaine Base API manufacturing process may include:
Typical Lidocaine Base API testing may include:
Store Lidocaine Base in a tightly closed container under controlled pharmaceutical storage conditions, protected from excessive heat, moisture and direct light. Final storage conditions should be based on validated stability data.
Lidocaine Base is relevant to research involving:
Lidocaine Base is an amide-type local anesthetic API with CAS Number 137-58-6, molecular formula C14H22N2O, and molecular weight 234.34 g/mol. It works primarily by blocking voltage-gated sodium channels and is widely used in local and regional anesthetic formulations.
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Appearance | White crystalline powder |
| Identification | IR & HPLC compliant |
| Assay (HPLC) | 99.0% – 101.0% |
| Loss on Drying | NMT 1.0% |
| Residue on Ignition | NMT 0.1% |
| Heavy Metals | NMT 10 ppm |
| Individual Impurity | NMT 0.1% |
| Total Impurities | NMT 1.0% |
| Water Content | NMT 1.0% |
| Melting Point | 66°C – 70°C |
| Solubility | Insoluble in water; soluble in methanol |