Isoetarine is a synthetic sympathomimetic bronchodilator belonging to the beta-adrenergic agonist class of pharmaceutical compounds. It has been used as a bronchodilating agent for the relief of bronchospasm associated with respiratory conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive airway disease. Isoetarine primarily acts on beta-2 adrenergic receptors in bronchial smooth muscle, producing relaxation of the airways and improving airflow.
Isoetarine is chemically related to other sympathomimetic amines and is structurally derived from phenylethanolamine compounds. It is also known as Isoetharine and has historically been formulated as the hydrochloride salt for pharmaceutical administration.
Isoetarine hydrochloride is identified by CAS Number 13635-18-8, while Isoetarine free base is associated with CAS Number 2761-20-2. The commonly referenced pharmaceutical form is Isoetarine hydrochloride. Isoetarine hydrochloride has the molecular formula C11H18ClNO3 and a molecular weight of approximately 247.72 g/mol.
Isoetarine is a sympathomimetic amine containing an aromatic structure and a secondary alcohol group. The compound is generally supplied as a crystalline solid in its hydrochloride form. As an amine-containing pharmaceutical substance, it exhibits basic properties and can form acid-addition salts such as the hydrochloride.
Isoetarine acts primarily as a beta-2 adrenergic receptor agonist. Activation of beta-2 adrenergic receptors in bronchial smooth muscle increases intracellular cyclic AMP and promotes relaxation of airway smooth muscle. This bronchodilating action reduces bronchoconstriction and improves airflow through the respiratory tract.
Isoetarine has been used as a bronchodilator for the management of reversible bronchospasm. Historically, it was administered by inhalation in pharmaceutical preparations intended to provide relief from bronchial obstruction associated with asthma and other obstructive respiratory conditions.
Isoetarine pharmaceutical material can be characterized using validated chromatographic and spectroscopic analytical techniques. HPLC may be used for assay and related-substance determination, while identity can be established using appropriate chromatographic, spectroscopic and other validated analytical procedures.
Quality control for pharmaceutical Isoetarine should include identity, assay, related substances, water content, residual solvents and other applicable parameters according to the approved drug-substance specification.
Isoetarine hydrochloride should be stored in a tightly closed container under controlled pharmaceutical storage conditions. The material should be protected from excessive heat, moisture and contamination. Specific storage requirements should follow the applicable manufacturer specification and Certificate of Analysis.
Isoetarine API may be supplied for pharmaceutical research, formulation development, analytical testing and other qualified applications. Product specifications, Certificate of Analysis, packaging configuration and regulatory documentation should be confirmed according to the intended application.
For Isoetarine API requirements, customers can request product specifications, analytical documentation, Certificate of Analysis, packaging information and commercial details. Quality parameters should be evaluated against the applicable pharmaceutical specification before procurement.
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Appearance | White to off-white crystalline powder |
| Identification | IR & HPLC compliant |
| Assay (HPLC) | 98.0% – 102.0% |
| Loss on Drying | NMT 1.0% |
| Residue on Ignition | NMT 0.5% |
| Individual Impurity | NMT 0.5% |
| Total Impurities | NMT 1.0% |
| Water Content | NMT 1.0% |