Isocarboxazid is an orally active monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) used as an antidepressant. It belongs to the hydrazine class of monoamine oxidase inhibitors and acts by inhibiting the enzymes monoamine oxidase A and monoamine oxidase B. This inhibition reduces the metabolism of several neurotransmitters, including serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine, thereby increasing their availability in the central nervous system.
Isocarboxazid is identified by CAS Number 59-63-2 and has the molecular formula C12H13N3O. Its molecular weight is 215.26 g/mol. It is chemically related to other hydrazine-derived monoamine oxidase inhibitors and is supplied as a pharmaceutical active ingredient.
Isocarboxazid is a synthetic organic compound containing a benzylhydrazine moiety linked to an isoxazole carbonyl structure. It is generally described as a white to off-white crystalline solid or powder. The compound is a hydrazine derivative with limited solubility in water.
The molecular formula of Isocarboxazid is C12H13N3O and its molecular weight is 215.26 g/mol. The chemical name is 4-benzyl-2-(5-methyl-3-isoxazolylcarbonyl)hydrazine. It is structurally classified as a hydrazine-containing monoamine oxidase inhibitor.
Isocarboxazid inhibits monoamine oxidase, an enzyme responsible for the metabolism of monoamine neurotransmitters. Inhibition of monoamine oxidase increases the concentrations of serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine in the central nervous system. This pharmacological activity contributes to its antidepressant effects.
Isocarboxazid is used as an antidepressant for the treatment of depressive disorders. Because it is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, its use is subject to important dietary and drug-interaction precautions. It is generally reserved for patients in whom other antidepressant treatments have not provided an adequate response or are unsuitable.
Isocarboxazid API can be characterized using validated chromatographic and spectroscopic methods. HPLC may be used for assay and related-substance determination, while identity can be confirmed using suitable spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques.
Quality-control testing for pharmaceutical Isocarboxazid should include identity, assay, related substances, water content, residual solvents and other applicable parameters according to the approved drug-substance specification.
Isocarboxazid should be stored in a tightly closed container under controlled pharmaceutical storage conditions. The material should be protected from excessive heat, moisture and contamination. Specific storage conditions should follow the applicable manufacturer specification.
Isocarboxazid API may be supplied for pharmaceutical manufacturing, formulation development, analytical testing and other qualified applications. Product specifications, Certificate of Analysis, packaging configuration and regulatory documentation should be confirmed according to the intended application.
For Isocarboxazid API requirements, customers can request product specifications, analytical documentation, Certificate of Analysis, packaging information and commercial details. Quality parameters should be evaluated against the applicable pharmaceutical specification before procurement.
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Appearance | White to off-white crystalline powder |
| Identification | IR & HPLC compliant |
| Assay (HPLC) | 98.0% – 102.0% |
| Loss on Drying | NMT 1.0% |
| Residue on Ignition | NMT 0.5% |
| Individual Impurity | NMT 0.5% |
| Total Impurities | NMT 1.0% |
| Water Content | NMT 1.0% |
| Melting Point | Approximately 108–112°C |