Guanadrel is a sympatholytic antihypertensive active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) belonging to the class of adrenergic neuron-blocking agents. It acts primarily by reducing the release of norepinephrine from peripheral sympathetic nerve terminals, resulting in decreased sympathetic activity and lowering of blood pressure.
Guanadrel is chemically identified as 2-[(1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2H-pyrimidin-2-yl)amino]ethanol. It has the molecular formula C₆H₁₃N₃O and a molecular weight of approximately 143.19 g/mol. The CAS Number is 3959-05-5.
Guanadrel is a synthetic pharmaceutical compound historically used as an antihypertensive agent. It belongs to the adrenergic neuron-blocking group of drugs and reduces peripheral sympathetic nervous-system activity.
The compound is structurally related to other guanidine-containing sympatholytic agents. Its pharmacological action results from interference with norepinephrine storage and release in sympathetic nerve endings.
Guanadrel is taken up by adrenergic nerve terminals through the norepinephrine transporter. It becomes concentrated within sympathetic nerve endings and interferes with the storage and release of norepinephrine.
Reduced norepinephrine release decreases peripheral sympathetic stimulation, leading to:
Guanadrel API has been used in pharmaceutical research and antihypertensive drug development, particularly for:
Guanadrel is a synthetic pharmaceutical compound manufactured through controlled chemical synthesis followed by purification, drying and analytical testing.
Quality evaluation may include identity, assay, related substances, residual solvents, water content, residue on ignition and elemental impurities according to the applicable manufacturer specification.
Guanadrel is generally described as a white to off-white crystalline solid/powder. It is a strongly polar guanidine-containing compound and exhibits significant water solubility.
Guanadrel API should be stored in a tightly closed container, protected from excessive moisture, heat and direct light. The manufacturer's current CoA and validated storage specification should be followed for commercial material.
Depending on the grade and intended application, documentation may include:
Guanadrel is a synthetic adrenergic neuron-blocking pharmaceutical compound with historical use in the treatment of hypertension. Its defined chemical identity and established pharmacological profile make it relevant for pharmaceutical research, analytical testing and API development.
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Appearance | White to off-white crystalline powder |
| Identification | IR & HPLC compliant |
| Assay (HPLC) | 98.0% – 102.0% |
| Loss on Drying | NMT 1.0% |
| Residue on Ignition | NMT 0.5% |
| pH (1% Solution) | 8.0 – 10.5 |
| Individual Impurity | NMT 0.5% |
| Total Impurities | NMT 1.0% |
| Water Content | NMT 1.0% |