Cyclothiazide is a thiazide-type diuretic and antihypertensive pharmaceutical active ingredient. It promotes the excretion of sodium and water by reducing sodium and chloride reabsorption in the kidney. Cyclothiazide has been used in the management of hypertension and edema associated with various medical conditions.
Cyclothiazide is a synthetic benzothiadiazine-related compound belonging to the thiazide diuretic class. Its pharmacological activity is associated with inhibition of sodium and chloride reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule of the nephron.
Cyclothiazide is identified by CAS No. 2259-96-3. It has the molecular formula C8H8ClN3O4S2 and a molecular weight of approximately 297.74 g/mol.
Cyclothiazide increases urinary excretion of sodium and chloride, with a corresponding increase in water excretion. This diuretic action can help reduce extracellular fluid volume.
Thiazide-type diuretics may also contribute to lowering blood pressure through a reduction in peripheral vascular resistance during continued treatment.
Cyclothiazide acts primarily on the distal convoluted tubule of the nephron. It inhibits the sodium-chloride cotransporter, reducing sodium and chloride reabsorption.
The resulting increase in sodium and water excretion contributes to its diuretic effect and can help reduce fluid volume and blood pressure.
Cyclothiazide has been used as a pharmaceutical diuretic and antihypertensive agent for:
Its availability, approved indications and regulatory status can vary by country.
Cyclothiazide may be relevant to pharmaceutical formulation development and manufacturing programs requiring a thiazide-type diuretic active ingredient.
The final dosage form, strength and formulation characteristics depend on the intended pharmaceutical product and applicable regulatory requirements.
Cyclothiazide API quality evaluation may include:
Testing should be performed using validated analytical methods appropriate for the API and intended pharmaceutical application.
Cyclothiazide intended for pharmaceutical manufacturing should be handled according to applicable GMP, quality-control and regulatory requirements. The specification should be established according to the intended market, applicable pharmacopoeial requirements and the manufacturer's approved product specification.
A batch-specific Certificate of Analysis (CoA) should contain applicable analytical results and acceptance criteria.
Cyclothiazide API should be stored in suitable, tightly closed packaging under the manufacturer's recommended storage conditions. The material should be protected from excessive moisture, heat and other environmental conditions that could adversely affect its quality.
Cyclothiazide is relevant to pharmaceutical manufacturers and formulation-development companies working with diuretic and antihypertensive pharmaceutical products.
For commercial pharmaceutical applications, customers should verify the API grade, specification, assay, impurity profile, regulatory documentation and batch-specific CoA before use.
Consistent Cyclothiazide API quality is important for reliable pharmaceutical manufacturing. Appropriate control of identity, purity, assay and related substances helps support reproducible formulation and production processes.
Quality documentation such as a Certificate of Analysis, specification sheet, safety documentation and applicable regulatory information can support pharmaceutical development and manufacturing requirements.
| Parameter | Specification |
|---|---|
| Appearance | White to off-white crystalline powder |
| Identification | IR & HPLC compliant |
| Assay (HPLC) | NLT 98.0% by HPLC |
| Loss on Drying | NMT 2.0% |
| Residue on Ignition | NMT 1.0% |
| Heavy Metals | NMT 10 ppm |
| pH (1% Solution) | 2.0 – 4.0 |
| Water Content | NMT 1.0% |
| Melting Point | 150°C – 154°C |